Human body cells are immersed in fluids both inside and outside the cell. The water that is inside accounts for about one-half to two-thirds of an average person’s weight. Fluid inside the cells is called intracellular fluid (ICF), and fluid outside the cells is called extracellular fluid (ECF). Intracellular fluid contains water and dissolved solutes
and proteins. The solutes are electrolytes, which plays an important role in physiologic body functions. An imbalance in fluids and electrolytes can result in excessive amounts of fluids in the body or dehydration. This can happen as a result of an alteration in body systems, chronic disease, certain medications, or an underlying illness. Nursing care plan and goals for fluid and electrolyte imbalances include: maintaining fluid volume at a functional level, patient exhibits normal laboratory values, demonstrates appropriate changes in lifestyle and behaviors including eating patterns and food quantity/quality, re-establishing and maintaining normal pattern and GI functioning. Here are ten (10) nursing care plans (NCP) and nursing diagnosis for fluid and electrolyte imbalances, more specifically: 1. Fluid Balance: Hypervolemia & Hypovolemia
2. Potassium (K) Imbalances: Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia
3. Sodium (Na) Imbalances: Hypernatremia and Hyponatremia
4. Magnesium (Mg) Imbalances: Hypermagnesemia and Hypomagnesemia
5. Calcium (Ca) Imbalances: Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia
1. Fluid Balance: Hypervolemia and HypovolemiaFluid Balance: Hypervolemia and HypovolemiaBody fluids have a variety of important functions in the human body: the facilitate transport of nutrients, hormones, proteins, and other molecules into cells; aid in the removal of metabolic waste products; regulate body temperature; lubricates musculoskeletal joints; provide a medium for which cellular metabolism could take place, and act as a component in body cavities.
Excess Fluid Volume (Hypervolemia)Nursing Diagnosis
May be related to
Possibly evidenced by
Desired Outcomes
Deficient Fluid Volume (Hypovolemia)Nursing Diagnosis
May be related to
Possibly evidenced by
Desired Outcomes
1. Fluid Balance: Hypervolemia and HypovolemiaRecommended ResourcesRecommended nursing diagnosis and nursing care plan books and resources. Disclosure: Included below are affiliate links from Amazon at no additional cost from you. We may earn a small commission from your purchase. For more information, check out our privacy policy.
See alsoOther recommended site resources for this nursing care plan:
Other nursing care plans related to endocrine system and metabolism disorders:
Paul Martin is a registered nurse with a bachelor of science in nursing since 2007. Having worked as a medical-surgical nurse for five years, he handled different kinds of patients and learned how to provide individualized care to them. Now, his experiences working in the hospital is carried over to his writings to help aspiring students achieve their goals. He is currently working as a nursing instructor and have a particular interest in nursing management, emergency care, critical care, infection control, and public health. As a writer at Nurseslabs, his goal is to impart his clinical knowledge and skills to students and nurses helping them become the best version of themselves and ultimately make an impact in uplifting the nursing profession. What nursing care interventions should be performed for a patient with hyperkalemia?Nursing Management. Monitor ins and outs.. Check serum potassium levels.. Follow ECG closely to look for peaked T waves.. Educate patient on hyperkalemia.. Administer diuretics as ordered.. Administer insulin to lower potassium as ordered.. Check blood glucose when administering insulin.. Check BUN and creatinine levels.. What are some nursing interventions for hypokalemia?Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia Nursing Care Plan 1
Place the patient on high potassium diet as per the physician's order. To replace potassium lost by the body. The recommended dietary replacement for potassium is 40 to 60 mEq/L/day. Administer a slow intravenous potassium solution as prescribed.
What are the nursing interventions for electrolyte imbalance?Nursing Interventions for Risk for Electrolyte Imbalance. Supply balanced electrolyte IV solutions as directed. Lactated Ringer's solution has an electrolyte concentration similar to that of extracellular fluid. Isotonic saline (0.9% sodium chloride) may contribute to hypernatremia if used in a long period of time.
What would be the priority for a patient with hyperkalemia?In the prehospital setting, a patient with known hyperkalemia or a patient with kidney failure with suspected hyperkalemia should have IV access established and should be placed on a cardiac monitor.
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