1) reinforcement: must be present in order to get stimulus control Show 2) pre-attending skills: need individual to pay attention long enough 3) stimulus presentation: (a) specificity of directions - should be concise but have adequate detail, (b) opportunity to respond - the more the better, (c) pacing of response opportunities - want rapid rate for better attention span 4) attention: (a) salience, (b) masking, (c) overshadowing Recommended textbook solutions
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Terms in this set (29)What is a stimulus? Give two examples that are not from the text. people, objects, and events currently present in one's immediate surroundings that impinge on one's sense receptors and that can affect behaviour. e.g. books, clothing, furniture, trees, and people
What is an ABC assessment? An ABC assessment identifies the antecedents and consequences of a behaviour. Define stimulus control The degree of correlation between the occurrence of an antecedent stimulus and the occurrence of a subsequent response What is good stimulus control? Describe an example that is not in this chapter A strong correlation between the occurrence of a particular stimulus and a particular response e.g. A child who loves ice cream hears the music from an icecream truck. It's highly likely he will ask his parents if he can go and get ice cream Define Sd and give an example that is not in this chapter. Identify the Sd and the response in an example A discriminative stimulus (Sd) is a stimulus in the presence of which an operant response will be reinforced. e.g. it's snowing outside, so grabbing a coat to wear outside will be reinforced by keeping you warm from the cold. Define S^ and give an example that is not in this chapter. Identify the S^ and the response in an example An extinction stimulus (S^) is a stimulus in the presence of which an operant response will not be reinforced. e.g. It's snowing outside, so going outside wearing only a tank top will not be reinforced. What is the difference between a stimulus and a discriminative stimulus a stimulus is anything in an environment that can impact one's receptors and have a possible effect on behaviour, whereas a discriminative stimulus is reinforced by an operant response when presented. like the diagram of the swearing example, diagram the Sd, S^, response and consequences for Darcy's case DOUBLE CHECK S^= seeing phone (not ringing) Describe an example (not from this chapter) of a stimulus that is an Sd for one behaviour and an S^ for s different behaviour Cold weather Describe the operant stimulus discrimination training procedure. Give an example that is not in this chapter The procedure of reinforcing a response of an Sd and extinguishing that response in the presence of an S^ A student goes to the band room at lunch. She practices her drumming part in a song for the concert. The band teacher praises the student for coming in and practicing. State the two effects of operant stimulus discrimination training 1. Good Stimulus control (Strong correlation between a stimulus and a response) Define operant stimulus generalization. Give an example that is not in this chapter. When a response becomes more probable in the presence of a stimulus as a result of having been reinforced in the presence of another stimulus. Calling all vehicles on the road cars (trucks, SUVs, semi-trucks, and buses) In a sentence, state the difference between an instance of operant stimulus discrimination and an instance of operant stimulus generalization Operant discrimination is when you learn to respond differently to different stimuli, whereas operant stimulus generalization is when you respond to a stimulus the same way you have been reinforced to respond to a similar stimulus What do we mean by common-element stimulus class? By conceptual behavior? Describe an example of each that is not in this chapter Common-element stimulus class - set of stimuli all w/ one or more physical characteristics in common Conceptual behaviour - when an individual emits an appropriate response to all members of a common
element stimulus class, and not to those that do not belong in that class Describe how you might teach the concept of honest to a child. Would your program teach a child to be honest? why or why not/ DOUBLE CHECK What do we mean by stimulus equivalence class? Describe an example that is not in this chapter. Stimulus equivalence class - a set of completely dissimilar stimuli, which an individual has learned to group, or respond to in the same way e.g. toys. do not share a distinct physical appearance, but have a defined purpose What is a primary distinction between stimulus generalization involving common-element stimulus classes and stimulus generalization involving stimulus equivalence classes The main difference between common element stimulus class and stimulus equivalence class is that common element stimulus classes share a common physical feature, whereas stimulus equivalence classes share no distinct physical features. Describe a stimulus you would like to establish as an Sd for a behaviour of yourself or a friend. Describe the behaviour. Then, for that stimulus, answer the four questions as listed on p. 126 DOUBLE CHECK what do we mean by an error in operant stimulus discrimination training? A response to an S^ or a failure to respond to an Sd In general, what is a contingency? Describe an example that is not in this chapter. A contingency is an if-then arrangement. What is the three term contingency of reinforcement? Describe an example that is not in this chapter Describes the antecedent of behavior, the behavior and the consequences of the behavior (antecedent-behaviour-consequence). Behaviour must occur following antecedent for reinforcement to occur.Example: When the bell rings after school (antecedent), students can leave the classroom (behavior), and chat with their friends (reinforcement) From a behavioural perspective, what is a rule? A situation in which behaviour will lead to a consequence With examples that are not in this chapter, distinguish between rule-governed and contingency-shaped behaviour. Rule governed behaviour- behaviour that is controlled by the statement of a
rule Following Darcy's training for answering the phone, was her phone answering behaviour likely rule governed or contingency shaped? Justify your choice. Darcy's answering behaviour was rule-governed behaviour, because her mom had told her that when a phone rings, she must answer it. Describe an example of how ignorance of operant stimulus discrimination training may lead parents or other caregivers to develop an undesirable behaviour in a child or adult in their care DOUBLE CHECK Using examples, what is meant by reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity Reflexivity- recognizing a stimulus e.g. knowing that A is A How have studies of stimulus equivalence provided support for a behavioural view of language development? Infants are able to emit vocal behaviours that haven't been directly reinforced. Through stimulus equivalence training children learn that physically different sounds that are members of the same stimulus equivalence class mean the same thing as other sounds. What is meant by the term contextual control? Illustrate with an example. contextual control - a general setting or context may alter than manner in which an individual responds to particular stimuli Just before starting to cross a street, a pedestrian from England visiting Canada observed that the street was clear to the right, stepped into the street and was struck by a car, Explain how lack of contextual control was involved in this accident. The context (country the pedestrian was visiting) had too little control over how the stimuli (the street) was affecting the pedestrians behaviour (crossing the street) Sets found in the same folderBehaviour Modification Chapter 720 terms KayleyLeurquin Behaviour Modification Chapter 825 terms KayleyLeurquin Behaviour Modification Chapter 921 terms KayleyLeurquin Behaviour Modification Chapter 1320 terms KayleyLeurquin Other sets by this creatorBrain and Behaviour Exam 377 terms KayleyLeurquin Behaviour Modification Chapter 25, 2660 terms KayleyLeurquin Brain and Behaviour Exam 284 terms KayleyLeurquin Behaviour Modification Chapter 23 & 2452 terms KayleyLeurquin Other Quizlet setsLineman final review164 terms justin_logsdon4 Blood supply of the brain63 terms taylorotte2 A&P 1 Chapter 6: The Skeletal System16 terms sampson867 Exam 370 terms TPortman Related questionsQUESTION what are the characteristics of hyphae? 15 answers QUESTION Which statement concerning phytochrome-induced responses is false? 4 answers QUESTION The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between internal leaf cells and the external environment will occur most efficiently if... 9 answers QUESTION What are the stamens collectively called 10 answers What is an example of stimulus discrimination?Only ordering a dish at one restaurant because you know that other restaurants don't offer that same menu item is an example of stimulus discrimination.
What is stimulus discrimination quizlet?Stimulus Discrimination. A behavior results in one consequence in a particular setting and another consequence in other settings. Stimulus Generalization. The occurrence of an established behavior under novel stimulus conditions (such as a new setting) Response Maintenance.
Which of the following is an example of a stimulus?Examples of stimuli and their responses: You are hungry so you eat some food. A rabbit gets scared so it runs away. You are cold so you put on a jacket.
Which is the best example of stimulus generalization?Little Albert's fear of white furry objects is a great example of how stimulus generalization works in classical conditioning. While the child had originally been conditioned to fear a white rat, his fear also generalized to similar objects.
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Which is an example of stimulus discrimination quizlet?
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