What makes a question philosophical ppt

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This book conceives philosophy in terms of philosophizing as an active process. The intention of the argument is to restore philosophy to its origins as an ethos, a practice, a way of living for rational beings. Philosophy is therefore presented more as a practice or an activity than as an intellectual exercise or subject discipline. Philosophy is something that one does as a rational being. This is not an invitation to sloppy thinking; it is an invitation to all to philosophize as rational beings. A questioning, critical approach grounded in the rational faculty is taken to be the most salient characteristic of philosophy. This emphasizes intelligence and its application over knowledge.Philosophy is not a question of knowledge but of the application of intelligence. The book proceeds from Socrates as the key figure in this conception of philosophy as philosophizing. Socrates was no ivory tower philosopher but took philosophy to the men and women of 'the real world' in an attempt to get them to support their views and activities with arguments, with good reasons for doing, thinking, stating the things they did. The 'real world' is not the one revealed to ordinary sense experience. This book shows that only by philosophizing can individuals enter the real world.

This bibliography attempts to clarify the nature and scope of Filipino philosophy, that is, firstly, in what sense is a philosophy called "Filipino"? Alternatively, what are the senses of the term "Filipino philosophy?" Secondly, how do we determine the content of a Filipino philosophy? [It is important to read "Filipino Philosophy: Past and Present" (2013) because of some revisions.]

There is evidence that mammals other than humans have a concept of "justice". Some experiments conducted by Frans de Waal and Sarah Brosnan have shown that Capuchin monkeys display other-regarding behaviors that seem to depend on a sense of fairness. In one such experiment, these monkeys voluntarily shared better food—in this case, pieces of apple—with a partner in a separate cell, to whom scientists only fed cucumber. In another famous experiment, a Capuchin reacted angrily in the face of unfair treatment (the famous cucumber-grape unequal experiment). Economists labeled this unexpected reaction "inequity aversion". It is easy to agree that the monkeys behaved as though moved by a sense of unfairness, and were capable of demanding equal treatment. In spite of this, why do we insist on claiming that such animals do not have a moral sense like us? Why do we still think we are worlds apart from them? Well, in fact, there is something that sets us apart from other mammals: our morality depends on our ability to take responsibility for our behavior, and we have not yet found enough reasons to attribute moral and legal responsibility to non-human animals. We must clearly explain why this is.

Presentation on theme: "Philosophy; Questions and Theories An Introduction HZT4U."— Presentation transcript:

1 Philosophy; Questions and Theories An Introduction HZT4U

2 So What Is Philosophy? There is no easy answer to this question. The shortest definition, writes contemporary theorist Anthony Quinton is that philosophy is “thinking about thinking”. Every dictionary and philosopher will differ in explaining or defining philosophy. When the word philosophy is examined literally from its Greek origins philein, meaning to love sophia; meaning wisdom Philosophy therefore can be understood as being the search for wisdom.

3 What is Philosophy? “Philosophy studies the fundamental nature of existence, of man, and of man’s relationship to existence …In the realm of cognition, the special sciences are the trees, but philosophy is the soil which makes the forest possible.” Ayn Rand, Philosophy, Who Needs It (p. 2)

4 Know yourself A philosophy is a comprehensive system of ideas about human nature and the nature of the reality we live in. It is a guide for living, determining the course we take in life and how we treat other people.

5 The Difference between Science and Philosophy Lucas Cranach, Hand mit Apfel (1528)

6 3 Modes of Knowing Science: The study of the proximate causes of things. Resolved via sensation. Philosophy: The study of the ultimate causes of things. Resolved via reason. Theology: Faith seeking understanding. Resolved through scriptures, revealed truths

7 Science and Philosophy Biology: the study of living things and their properties. What is the cause of cancer? What is the cause of the leaf’s green color? Philosophy of Biology: What does it mean to live? What makes matter living? What are the properties of living things?

8 Science and Philosophy Physics: the study of matter and energy and their interactions. What is the speed of light? If we drop two metal balls of different weight from a building, which one will land first? Philosophy of Physics What is matter? What is motion? What is time?

9 Science and Philosophy Psychology: The study of human behavior. What is the cause of schizophrenia? What is the cause of depression? How do humans behave under stress? Philosophy of Human Nature: What does it mean to be a man? A woman? What is intelligence? How are we to act? (Moral Philosophy)

10 What is your philosophy? Biggest problem in the world Changes that need to be made in the world What inspires you What you value most about life What fears, biases, prejudices do you have What you need to hear to know that a person is “okay” and can be trusted These are ontological questions (the philosophical study of the nature of being, existence, or reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations). Answering these questions is the first step in identifying your philosophy.

11 Pop Culture and Philosophy; Everybody Loves Raymond Everybody Loves Raymond ran on CBS from 1996-2005. Many of the situations from the show are based on the real-life experiences of Romano, creator/producer Phil Rosenthal and the show's writing team. In an episode from the sixth season, armed with research and much preparation, Ray is ready to speak with his daughter Ally about the “facts of life” only to find that Ally's interest has changed from where babies come from to one Ray is not expecting.

12 Sky and Water I (1938) M.C Escher woodcut Sky and Water I is an example of tessellation used in art. Can you count the number of fish and birds?

13 The False Mirror (1928) Conceived by Belgian surrealist Rene Margritte is meant to provoke thought and challenge perceptions of what is reality. Does this image offer a humorous view of reality?

14 The Persistence of Memory (1931) Painted by Salvador Dali in 1931, it is one of his most famous works. It is currently housed in the Museum of Modern Art. What thoughts/ observations come to mind as your view this work?

15 Tokidoki Barbie (2011 ) Tokidoki, a Milan fashion house headed by Italian artist Simone Legno, collaborated with Mattel to put out the doll in 2011. What messages if any, can be inferred from the design of the doll? To what degree it is appropriate for a young child to have such a doll? Notes: The $50 doll was marketed to adult collectors. Only 7,400 were made.

16 Untitled (Questions ) (1991) Barbara Kruger, American postmodernist What do you think she is saying in this artwork? Is endorsing or criticizing? Where would be the best place to put this artwork?

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What makes a question a philosophical one?

What are philosophical questions?

What are the 3 philosophical questions?

What are the 4 philosophical questions?