What are the resources in Catan?

We know the difference between rolls, as we can look at the graph of the roll distribution. But what’s the difference between the 5 different resources? This is a lot harder to figure out, since we don’t have a nice graph charting what is most important. We can look at what we use the resources for, and the value of those things though. We know that there are only 4 different things to spend our resources on (or 5 if we’re playing Seafarers):

  • Roads (or Ships)
  • Settlements
  • Cities
  • Development Cards

Settlements: The most settlements that can possibly be built by a single player in Settlers is 5 – upgrading the original 2 settlements to cities and building 5 settlements gives 9 points, and no more settlements before a city us built, in which case 10 points is reached. So, for settlement building, the most that we need is:
5 wood, 5 brick, 5 sheep, 5 wheat.

Roads: I left roads until after the settlements for a reason – the main purpose of road building is to develop settlements. So, when we find the maximum number of settlements bought, we can estimate the amount of road needed for the task. With 5 settlements being our maximum number, we have 9 roads bought, assuming we connect them all to one of our original settlements, and all settlements are spaced 2 spaces apart. Now, let’s say that we had to space of 3 roads twice in our route. Anyone who has played the game knows that this setup is a more inefficient way of building, but this will give us an upper limit on our spending. Now we have 11 roads. This is also sure to give us the longest road in most games played. So, our maximum spending on roads is:
11 wood, 11 brick.

Ships: When playing the Seafarers expansion pack, we can say that we split our road building into ships and roads. Also, since we play to more than 10 points (sometimes), we can add extra roads or ships to our route, as to build more settlements. 20 is the highest upper limit on roads and ships that I can justify. This means that our spending would look like this:
20 wood, 10 brick, 10 sheep.

Cities: The most cities that can possibly be built in a game are 4 – each player is only provided with 4 cities. So for city building, the most that we need is:
8 wheat, 12 ore.

Development Cards: This is where we run into a bit of a snag. Technically, you could buy all of the development cards and not win. This is obviously not a great strategy. I proposed the idea of buying 4 development cards per game but this is up to each person. Because there is about a 50% chance of drawing a knight, the largest army costs about 6 development cards. Out of the 3 cards that were bought that were not knights, there is an average of about 1.5 victory points. This is probably the most anyone can hope for out of the development cards on a consistent basis. So, we have 6 development cards at most (sort of), costing us:
6 sheep, 6 wheat, 6ore.

Ok, now, let’s total them up. At maximum capacity for all spending, our resource distribution would look like this:

  • Settlers: 16 wood, 16 brick, 11 sheep, 19 wheat, 18 ore
  • Seafarers: 25 wood, 15 brick, 21 sheep, 19 wheat, 18 ore

This is obviously an extremely poor estimate. For example, on average, a winner has 2.3-2.8 cities built per game – significantly less than the 4 maximum. Also, road building has a lot of possibility of decreasing. So, while this analysis gives a decent estimate of the worth of commodities, I believe that the statistics provide a more solid source of data.

I am going to look at a set of graphs that should provide a better insight to the worth of resources.

Settlement (Resource) Development

What are the resources in Catan?
There are two types of settlement development: the initial placing of settlements, and the buying of subsequent settlements throughout the game. Starting Resources notes the resources that settlements are placed on initially. The graph shows us what resources winners tend to start on. It seems that wheat and wood are most popular among starting resources, with brick being the least popular, followed shortly by ore. Keep in mind that in a regular game of Settlers, there are only 3 brick and ore hexes, while there are 4 of the others. So, using the weights of distribution (3 and 4), we can find the value of starting on each resource:
Brick = 0.3000
Wood = 0.3075
Sheep = 0.2925
Wheat = 0.3675
Ore = 0.3233

Wheat and ore seem to be most important, while brick and sheep are least important.

What are the resources in Catan?
Secondary Resources shows the distribution of where settlements are built after the game has started. We can use the same distribution of resources to find value of these secondary resources as well:
Brick = 0.2600
Wood = 0.3250
Sheep = 0.2425
Wheat = 0.3500
Ore = 0.3333

Again, wheat is most important, this time by less, as wood and ore increase in value as the game goes on. Sheep decrease in value, as does brick.

What are the resources in Catan?
Our final analysis comes by looking at City Development, which is the resources that we upgrade to cities. Using the weights that have been used previously, we can see the change in value:
Brick = 0.3233
Wood = 0.2675
Sheep = 0.3325
Wheat = 0.4750
Ore = 0.4567

Here we see wheat and ore extremely valuable, as the other resources pale in comparison. Using these values, we can map the value of each resource as the game plays out.

Brick = 0.3000 – 0.2600 – 0.3233 (average of 0.2944)
Wood = 0.3075 – 0.3250 – 0.2675 (average of 0.3000)
Sheep = 0.2925 – 0.2425 – 0.3325 (average of  0.2892)
Wheat = 0.3675 – 0.3500 – 0.4750 (average of 0.3975)
Ore = 0.3233 – 0.3333 – 0.4567 (average of 0.3711)

Overall, the order of importance throughout the game is wheat, ore, wood, brick, and sheep.

What are the resources in Catan?

Empty Resources

Negative worth is also an idea that can be looked at. This brings into focus the idea of Empty Resources, which are resources that are not available to the player.  For this case, we need to consider scarcity of distribution again, as the more scarce resourcesare more likely to not be available.

Brick = 0.1033
Wood = 0.0000
Sheep = 0.0475
Wheat = 0.0100
Ore = 0.0500

Brick seems to be the most useless, as not starting on it seems to not affect winners results by as much as the other resources.

What are the resources in Catan?
Looking at the resources that were not taken advantage of throughout the whole game also gives a good estimate of the uselessness of each resource.
Brick = 0.0500
Wood = 0.0000
Sheep = 0.0100
Wheat = 0.0000
Ore = 0.0100

So we have a mapping of the uselessness of each resource throughout the game, similar to the utility of each resource throughout the game.

Brick = 0.1033 – 0.0500 (average of 0.0765)
Wood = 0.0000 – 0.0000 (average of  0.0000)
Sheep = 0.0475 – 0.0100 (average of  0.0288)
Wheat = 0.0100 – 0.0000 (average of  0.0050)
Ore = 0.0500 – 0.0100 (average of 0.0300)

So, we can rank resources by uselessness, where brick is the most useless, ore and sheep are close, and finally wheat and wood.

What are the resources in Catan?
Finally, combining the utility and uselessness of each resource compared to other resources can give us a way to rank resources by order of importance:

  1. Wheat
  2. Wood
  3. Ore
  4. Sheep
  5. Brick

What are the five resources in Catan?

Catan (formerly Settlers of Catan) The five resources: Bricks, Lumber, Wool, Grain, and Ore. In Catan, you gather resources each turn (if the dice roll is in your favor), and then use a combination of those resources to build various items (roads, settlements, cities, and development cards).

What are the resource cards in Catan?

The game consists of 110 cards. There are 5 different resource cards: brick, lumber, grain, wool, and ore (A) as well as building cards for roads, settlements (back: city), and city expansions (B).

Which resources are most important in Catan?

In general, ore is the most valuable resource, followed by brick (with obvious caveats about this not being true in all situations).

How many of each resource are there in Catan?

Each principality begins with two settlements and a road between them. At the diagonals to the settlements lie a total of six resource fields (one in each of the traditional five Catan resources: brick, grain, lumber, ore, wool, and a sixth, gold), the two in the middle being shared by the two settlements.