A fully plumbed whirlpool foot bath with an attached pedicure chair does not:

Presentation on theme: "Chapter 26 Pedicuring."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 26 Pedicuring

2 “You cannot tailor make the situations in life, but you can tailor make the attitudes to fit those situations before they arise.” – Zig Ziglar

3 Objectives Identify and explain the equipment used when performing pedicures. Identify and explain three materials used when performing pedicures. Describe a callus softener and how it is best used. Explain the differences between a basic and a spa pedicure. Describe reflexology and its use in pedicuring. Know why consistent cleaning and disinfection of pedicure baths must be performed.

4 Objectives (continued)
Know and describe the steps involved in the proper cleaning and disinfecting of whirlpool foot spas and air jet basins. List and perform the steps in the pedicure pre-service procedure. Describe the proper tool and technique to use to reduce the instance of an ingrown toenail. Demonstrate the proper procedures for a basic pedicure. Demonstrate a foot and leg massage. LEARNING MOTIVATION (WHY?) Now that you have learned the basic elements for efficient and effective manicuring, here is a look at pedicuring skills and their importance. The word pedicure has its root in the Latin ped ("foot") and cura (“care") and means the care of the feet and toenails. A pedicure includes trimming, shaping, and polishing toenails, as well as foot massage. This is a standard service performed by licensed cosmetologists and nail technicians. Pedicures are a basic part of good foot care for any client. They are particularly important during the summer months when clients wear sandals or spend a great deal of time at the pool or beach. However, the winter months should not be forgotten. Even though your clients’ feet are bundled up with socks and closed shoes or boots, feet may still get wet from snow and sleet and can experience dryness, cracking, fatigue, and cramping. Be sure to inform clients that a pedicure is the ultimate timeout and will soften and relax the feet, as well as make them feel pampered. Proper foot care through pedicuring improves both personal appearance and basic foot comfort. Regularly pedicured and properly cared for feet are also a must for the professional cosmetologist who spends a great number of hours daily standing. It has been said that providing a client with a good pedicure is a sure way of gaining a client for life.

5 Pedicuring Cosmetic services performed on the feet by a licensed nail technician or cosmetologist that include trimming, shaping, and polishing toenails; exfoliating skin; and massaging the feet and legs

6 Pedicuring Tools Equipment: permanent tools that are not implements
Implements: used to perform services Materials: disposable supplies Products: cosmetic products used during services

7 Equipment Pedicure station Pedicure stool and footrest EQUIPMENT
Equipment includes all permanent tools used to perform nail services that are not implements. Some permanent equipment for performing pedicures is different from equipment for manicures. PEDICURE STATION: Pedicure stations include a comfortable chair with an armrest and a footrest for the client, and an ergonomic chair for the nail professional. Designs vary according to several factors, such as the size of the area, the location of the water in the salon, and cost (Figure 14–1, Figure 14–2, and Figure 14–3). PEDICURE STOOL AND FOOTREST: The nail technician’s pedicuring stool is low to make it ergonomically easier for the pedicurist to work on the client’s feet. Some come with a built-on footrest for the client, or a separate footrest can be used. Your chair must be comfortable and allow ergonomically correct positioning (Figure 14–4 and Figure 14–5).

8 Equipment (continued)
Pedicure foot bath Pedicure carts Electric foot mitts Terry-cloth mitts Paraffin bath PEDICURE FOOT BATH The pedicure foot bath varies in design from the basic stainless steel basin to an automatic whirlpool that warms and massages the client. The soak container is filled with comfortably warm water and a product to soak the client’s feet. The bath must be large enough to completely immerse both of the client’s feet comfortably. Basin soak baths can be large stainless steel bowls or beautiful ceramic ones. Also, small transportable baths can be purchased from retail or beauty supply stores, or industry manufacturers. They must be manually filled and emptied after each client’s service (Figure 14–6). A step above the portable water baths is the more customized pedicure unit, which has a removable foot bath built in. These are more ergonomically designed for the nail technician. A portable pedicure cart has a place for the foot bath and storage area for supplies. The next step up in cost and ease of use is the portable foot basin with built-in whirlpool- action (Figure 14–7). These baths add an extra touch to the service with the gentle massaging action of the whirlpool. The bath is filled from the sink through attachable hoses. After the service, the bath is drained by pumping the water back into the sink through the attached hoses. These baths have built-in footrests, and the surrounding cabinet has areas for storage of pedicure supplies. The ultimate pedicure foot bath is the fully plumbed pedicure chair, sometimes referred to as a “throne-design” chair (Figure 14–8). These units are not portable. They are permanently plumbed to both hot and cold water as well as to a drain. Most units have a built-in massage feature in the chair and a warmer, which adds to the relaxation of the client. Recently, many throne-type chairs have developed a self-cleaning and disinfection cycle. PEDICURE CARTS These carts are designed to keep supplies organized. There are many different designs available that include a hard surface for placement of your implements and in-service supplies, drawers, and shelves for storage of implements, supplies, and pedicure products. Some units include a space for storage of the foot bath. Most take up very little space in your pedicure area (Figure 14–9). ELECTRIC FOOT MITTS (OPTIONAL) These heated mitts, shaped for the feet but similar to electric manicure mitts, are designed to add a special touch to a pedicure. A pedicure in which these are used is a higher-cost service, or it can be an add-on to a lower-cost service. After a foot massage, a conditioning lotion or a masque is applied to the feet, which are then placed in a plastic wrap or cover then placed inside the foot mitts. The warmth aids in penetration of the conditioning ingredients, adds to the comfort and warmth of the service, and provides the ultimate relaxation of the client. TERRY CLOTH MITTS (OPTIONAL) These washable mitts, available for both hands and feet, are placed over a client’s feet after a penetrating conditioning product and cover has been applied. These are routinely used also over paraffin and a cover as they hold in the heat provided by the paraffin to encourage conditioning of the feet or hands by the product. PARAFFIN BATH (OPTIONAL) Discussed in Chapter 13, paraffin is an especially wonderful treatment in a pedicure.

9 Implements Toenail clippers Curettes Nail rasp IMPLEMENTS:
The implements mentioned in Chapter 25 (Manicuring) are used in pedicures also. There are, however, implements that are specific for use in pedicures. TOENAIL CLIPPERS: Toenail clippers are larger than fingernail clippers and are specifically designed for toenails. Use only professional toenail clippers made especially for cutting toenails. The jaws on toenail clippers are curved or straight. The best clippers have jaws that come to a point. Those with blunt points are difficult to use in the small corners of highly curved nail plates. CURETTES: Curettes are implements with a small, scoop-shaped end that, if carefully used, allows for more efficient removal of debris from the nail folds and eponychium and hyponychium areas when used correctly. They are ideal for use around the edges of the big toe nail plate (Figure 14–11). A double-ended curette, which has a 0.06 inch (1.5 mm) diameter on one end and a 0.1 inch (2.5 mm) diameter on the other, is recommended. Some are made with a small hole, making the curette easier to clean after it has been used. NAIL RASP A nail rasp is a metal file designed to file in one direction. It has a filing surface about 1/8-inch wide and about 3/4-inch long and is attached to a straight or angled metal handle (Figure 14-12). The angled file is recommended because it is easier to control under the free edge of the nail. The file is placed under the nail, angling from the center of the nail out past the side free edge then gently pulled toward the center to file free edges that might grow into the tissues, potentially causing an ingrown nail. The filing process may be repeated to make sure there are no rough edges remaining along the free edge. Do not overfile.

10 Implements (continued)
Pedicure nail files Foot files or paddles Nippers PEDICURE NAIL FILES: For some toenails, usually on big toes, coarser grit abrasives are needed for shortening, but for most a medium grit will work best. Some nail technicians use metal files on toenails (Figure 14–13). Check with your instructor whether metal files are legal in your state. Metal files must be cleansed and disinfected after each use and before reuse. FOOT FILES OR PADDLES: Foot files or paddles are designed to smooth and reduce dry, flaky skin and smooth foot calluses (Figure 14–14). They come in many different grits and shapes. They must be properly cleaned and disinfected between each use or disposed of after a single use if not disinfectable. In general, if an abrasive file cannot survive proper cleaning and disinfection procedures without being rendered unusable, it must be considered disposable or be given to the client for home use. NIPPERS: A nipper is an implement used in manicures and pedicures to trim tags of dead skin. Nail technicians must take great care to avoid cutting, tearing, or ripping living tissue with this implement. Do not use nippers on the feet of clients who have diabetes since the risk of infection, even death, from accidental injury is great. Also, avoid using nippers on clients with psoriasis since injury to the toenail unit can create new psoriasis lesions where the damage occurs.

11 Materials Toe separators Pedicure slippers Gloves
MATERIALS: All materials mentioned in Chapter 25 (Manicuring) also are used in pedicuring. A few specially designed materials are used in this service. TOE SEPARATORS: Toe separators are made of foam rubber or cotton and used to keep toes apart while polishing the nails; they are important to performing a quality pedicure (Figure 14–15). Since toe separators cannot be cleaned and disinfected, a new set must be used on each client, then thrown away. PEDICURE SLIPPERS: Disposable paper or foam slippers are needed for those clients who have not worn open-toe shoes and want to avoid smudging their newly applied toenail polish. They are specially designed not to touch the toes. GLOVES: Nail technicians must wear gloves while performing pedicures because repeated exposure of their skin to water can cause extreme dryness and cracking of the hands. Gloves also protect from exposure to pathogens that may be present on the feet or in the water. A new set of gloves is worn for each pedicure, then thrown away. If the client or nail technician is allergic to latex, nitrile gloves should be worn.

12 Professional Pedicure Products
Foot soaks Exfoliating scrubs Masques Foot lotions or creams Callus softeners PROFESSIONAL PEDICURE PRODUCTS: Products for pedicure services include the products discussed in Chapter 25 (Manicuring), plus others that are unique to pedicuring. FOOT SOAKS: Foot soaks are put into the water of the pedicure bath to soften the skin on the feet. A good soak is gentle but effective and thoroughly cleans and deodorizes the feet. It’s better to use professionally formulated products, as they are designed to properly cleanse the feet without being overly harsh to the skin. Other ingredients may include moisturizing oils with aromatherapy qualities. The soak sets the stage for the rest of the pedicure, so be sure to use one of high quality to start your pedicure service on a good note. EXFOLIATING SCRUBS: These gritty lotions are massaged on the foot and leg to remove dry, flaky skin and reduce calluses. They leave the skin feeling smoother and moisturized. Exfoliating scrubs are usually water-based lotions that contain an abrasive as the exfoliating agent. Sea sand, ground apricot kernels, pumice, quartz crystals, jojoba beads, and polypropylene beads are all exfoliating agents that may be found in pedicure scrubs. Scrubs also contain moisturizers that help to condition the skin. Nail technicians must wear gloves when using these products, as repeated use will irritate the skin on the hands. MASQUES: Mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, and beneficial extracts are formulated into skin products that serve as masques for the feet. They are applied to the skin and left in place for five to ten minutes to allow penetration of beneficial ingredients. Menthol, mint, cucumber, and other ingredients are very popular in foot care masques. FOOT LOTIONS OR CREAMS: Lotions and creams are important to condition and moisturize the skin of the feet, to soften calluses, and to provide slip for massage during the service. They are also formulated as home care products to sell to clients after services. Nail technicians who work in a podiatrist's or medical office, however, will be introduced to treatment-level lotions and creams that are associated with the improvement of medical conditions of the feet. Whether you work in a salon, spa, or medical office, get to know your product line well in order to recommend products to aid the client in maintaining the benefits of your pedicure. CALLUS SOFTENERS: Callus softeners are applied directly to the client’s heels and over pressure points and left on for a short period of time according to the manufacturers’ directions to soften and smooth thickened tissue (calluses). After the product softens the skin, it is more easily reduced and smoothed with files or paddles.

13 About Pedicures Choosing products Service menu
Interaction during service Scheduling Series pedicure Spa pedicure ABOUT PEDICURES: The service must be practiced to be perfected.  Choosing products: Choose a line that is supported by education. Service menu: Tailor to client requests. Interaction during service: Allow client to relax. Follow client’s lead with respect to discussions. Scheduling: Time individual steps to pace your procedure and stay on schedule. Series pedicures: Used to reduce calluses; occurs weekly between the monthly full pedicure service. Spa pedicure: Exceeds a basic pedicure with lower leg massage, using a masque and/or aromatherapy lotions, oils, paraffin, or other specialty products.

14 More About Pedicures Elderly clients Pedicure pricing Pedicure massage
Reflexology Ergonomics Elderly clients: Need more frequent foot care than others; many require exceptionally gentle care. Pedicure pricing: Determine price of a basic pedicure first and upscale from there.  Pedicure massage: A method of manipulation of the feet by rubbing, pinching, kneading, tapping, and so on. Perfect your style so that it becomes second nature.  Reflexology: A unique method of applying pressure with thumb and index fingers to the feet.  Ergonomics: The science related to humans and their work, embodying the anatomic, physiologic, and mechanical principles affecting the efficient use of human energy.

15 Disinfection Whirlpool foot spas Pipe-less foot spas
Nonwhirlpool foot basins NOTE: The procedures for disinfecting these pieces of equipment was covered thoroughly in Chapter 5. Refer students to those procedures now.

16 Practical Class Procedures
Pre-Service Procedure Post-Service Procedure NOTE: Have students refer to the Pre- and Post-Service procedures found in Chapter 25.

17 Practical Class Procedures (continued)
Pedicure Procedure Foot and Leg Massage Procedure NOTE: See Notes to Educator 9–11 at the beginning of LP 26.0 regarding practical procedures. Announce that the actual procedures covered in today’s lesson will be presented during the practical class (which may be now), at which time you will hand out the applicable procedure sheets and have students follow along as you review the procedures or demonstrate using Milady’s DVD series.

18 Summary and Review Name five pieces of equipment unique to pedicures.
Name three specialty materials used when performing pedicures. What is a callus softener and how is it used? What is the difference between a basic and a spa pedicure? SUMMARY AND REVIEW We have talked about how important regular hand and foot care are to good hygiene and wellness. As a professional cosmetologist, you should never downplay the importance of these services in the salon. There is simply no reason why a woman, regardless of her position or responsibilities, should not have well-manicured hands and attractive nails. In addition, there are many who need help with proper foot care. Many cannot reach their feet or properly grip and squeeze nail-care implements due to age, arthritis, weight, or other disabilities. These clients need proper hand and foot care just like everyone else. The professional technician who offers quality manicures and pedicures will be doing these clients a great service as well as generating increased personal revenue. 1. Name five pieces of equipment unique to pedicures. Answer: Five pieces of equipment unique to pedicures are the pedicuring station, pedicuring stool and footrest, pedicure foot bath, pedicure carts, and electric foot mitts. 2. Name three specialty materials used when performing pedicures. Answer: Three specialty materials used when performing pedicures are toe separators, pedicure slippers, and toenail clippers. 3. What is a callus softener and how is it used? Answer: Callus softeners are professional-strength products applied directly to the client’s callused areas and left on for a short period of time. Callus softeners are designed to soften and smooth thickened skin so it can be easily reduced and smoothed with files, blocks, or paddles. 4. What is the difference between a basic and a spa pedicure? Answer: The basic pedicure is usually shorter than a spa pedicure, does not include skin treatment products such as masques and aromatherapy, and does not include a leg massage. The spa manicure is longer, is a more upscale and expensive service, and may include specialty treatments such as a masque and leg massage or possibly even a paraffin wax service.

19 Summary and Review (continued)
What is reflexology and how is it used in pedicuring? Why is consistent cleaning and disinfection of pedicure baths so important? What are the steps involved in the proper cleaning and disinfecting of whirlpool foot spas and air jet basins after each client? 5. What is reflexology and how is it used in pedicuring? Answer: Reflexology is a unique method of applying pressure with thumb and fingers to the feet with demonstrated health benefits. Offered by many nail technicians, it can employ many of the principles of acupressure and acupuncture and is considered a science by many practitioners. 6. Why is consistent cleaning and disinfection of pedicure baths so important? Answer: Consistent cleaning and disinfection of pedicure baths is important to protect salon clients from the spread of infectious disease. 7. What are the steps involved in the proper cleaning and disinfecting of whirlpool foot spas and air jet basins after each client? Answer: The steps involved in the proper cleaning and disinfecting of whirlpool foot spas and air jet basins are: 1. Drain all water from the basin. 2. Scrub all visible residue from the inside walls of the basin with a brush and liquid soap and water. Use a clean and disinfected brush with a handle. Brushes must be cleaned and disinfected after each use. 3. Rinse the basin with clean water. 4. Refill the basin with clean water and circulate the correct amount (read the label for mixing instructions) of the EPA-registered hospital disinfectant through the basin for ten minutes. 5. Drain, rinse, and wipe dry with a clean paper towel.

20 Summary and Review (continued)
What are the steps in the pedicure pre-service procedure? What is the proper tool to use to reduce the instance of an ingrown toenail and how should it be used? 8. What are the steps in the pedicure pre-service procedure? Answer: The steps in the pedicure pre-service procedure are: CLEANING Put on gloves. Clean implements. Rinse implements in water. Immerse implements in the disinfectant solution. Wash hands with liquid soap. BASIC TABLE SETUP Set up work surface. Arrange towels. Place products and abrasives. Place polishes. Prepare for waste disposal. GREET CLIENT Greet your client. Escort the client to the pedicure area and seat him or her. Evaluate the feet. Perform consultation. 9. What is the proper tool to use to reduce the instance of an ingrown toenail and how should it be used? Answer: The proper tool to use for filing the sides of the free edge of toenails is the nail rasp. It is placed under the nail, angling from the center of the nail out past the side free edge, then gently pulled toward the center of the nail to file free edges that might grow into the tissues, potentially causing an ingrown nail.

21 Summary and Review (continued)
List the proper procedure for a basic pedicure. How are a foot and leg massage accomplished? 10. List the proper procedure for a basic pedicure. Answer: The proper procedure for a basic pedicure is: Soak feet. Dry foot thoroughly. Remove the polish. Clip the toenails. Remove the rough edges on the sides of the free edge with a nail rasp. File nails. Apply callus remover to the calluses. Use foot file. Rinse the foot and brush the nails. Apply cuticle remover and remove cuticle. Use curette. Brush foot. Apply lotion, cream, or oil. Massage feet.. Remove traces of lotion. Apply polish. 11. How are a foot and leg massage accomplished? Answer: A foot and leg massage follows these steps: Relaxation movements to the joints of the foot. Effleurage on top of foot. Effleurage on the instep. Effleurage on heel of the foot. Fist twist compression (deep rubbing). Effleurage movement on toes. Joint movement for toes. Feather off. Effleurage on the front of the leg. Effleurage on the back of the leg.

22 You have completed one unit of study toward course completion.
Congratulations! You have completed one unit of study toward course completion.

What is a fully plumbed whirlpool bath with an attached seat for the client?

What is used in a pedicure bath to soften the skin on the feet?

When disinfecting a footbath you must use a disinfectant that is?

How long should you allow a client's feet to soak at the beginning of a pedicure?